Model checking is a formal method for verifying and validating the correctness of computer systems and software designs. It involves automatically checking whether a given model of a system satisfies a set of specified properties or requirements. Model checking is often used in safety-critical systems, such as in the aerospace, automotive, and medical industries, to ensure that software and hardware systems behave as intended and do not have any critical flaws or errors. The technique has also been applied in fields such as cybersecurity, network protocols, and concurrent systems. Model checking typically requires the formulation of a formal model of the system, a specification of the desired properties or requirements, and the use of an automated tool to verify whether the model satisfies these properties.